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Comprehensive analysis of the process flow of ammonia alkali process (Solvay alkali process)
The ammonia-alkali method, also known as the Solvay method, is the earliest classic process for industrialized large-scale production of soda ash. It is called the three major soda production routes together with the joint soda method and natural soda method you saw earlier.
All raw materials
NaCl brine: Salt is mixed into saturated brine to provide sodium ions
NH₃ ammonia: recycled medium, supplemented in a small amount in the early stage, most of which can be recycled and reused
Limestone CaCO₃: A complete set of supporting raw materials for the production of CO₂ and hydrated lime
Output: Quicklime CaO + carbon dioxide CO₂ required by the process (sent to the carbonation process)
Hydration and digestion of quicklime:CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2 to obtain slaked lime and slaked lime
Hydrated lime is used to evaporate ammonia from mother liquor and is a key material for ammonia recovery
Main reaction section for soda production (brine + ammonia + carbon dioxide)
The saturated brine is first introduced into NH₃ to make ammonia brine, and thenCO₂ obtained by calcination of limestone is introduced into the saturated brine, and the core reaction occurs:
NaHCO3Sodium bicarbonate has low solubility and precipitates directly;
The filtered solid sodium bicarbonate is sent to calcination;
The filtrate is a mother liquor containingNH 4Cland is sent to the ammonia evaporation process.
Calcination of sodium bicarbonate to produce soda ash
High-temperature decomposition of Ca(OH)2 separated by precipitation:
Main products: Na 2CO 3finished soda ash;
The CO₂ gas produced by decomposition is recycled back to the carbonation process for reuse.
Add the mother liquor containing NH₄Cl to the previously prepared slaked limeCa(OH) 2 to react:
Two products of the process:
Recovery of NH₃: Ammonia gas evaporates and is recycled back to the front-end brine ammonia absorption process, greatly reducing ammonia consumption;
CaCl₂ mother liquor: The remaining calcium chloride solution is reacted, separated and dried to obtain the calcium chloride CaCl₂ product (snow melting agent, desiccant raw material).
Three core characteristics of ammonia-alkali process
Mature process, simple equipment, only produce soda ash, no need to support ammonia plant;
By-product calcium chloride can be exported to increase profits;
The quality requirements for raw material salt are lower than those for combined alkali.
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Asia Chemical is a global engineering and technology company that provides first-class comprehensive solutions for daily chemical, basic chemical, oil, natural gas and food industries.
